the sound of its master’s voice evokes to a dog an image of its master’s face, not because the voice ‘causes’ the face but because they are part of a whole experience.
Pavlov's bell became part of the experience of food.
Hence why training anything isnt as easy as the theory suggest and the best trainers are those who most effectively and concistently include the desired cure or 'trigger' into the experience such that the explicit seems implicit.
The same is evident in the reverse; exposure therapy where one is desensitised to triggers implicit to an experience. The implicitly threatening is made explicitly neutral (neutered - made impotent) by familiarity and abstraction. I.e. Boredom (or in other words the triggering object is paired with a low emotional state rather than a high emotional state).
