“Europeans must be able to protect Europe, respond to external crises, and assist in developing our partners’ security and defence capacities, carrying out these tasks in cooperation with others”. If necessary, the EU should be able to act on this level of ambition alone, or so it can be deduced from Mogherini’s plea for “strategic autonomy” in her foreword. The Global Strategy does indeed say that “European security and defence efforts should enable the EU to act autonomously while also contributing to