such as the method of “Resolution and Composition” and methods of testing causal hypotheses such as “Verification and Falsification.” The latter closely resembled the modern scientific method of “isolation of variables.”67 These methods reflected both an early interest in the systematic study of natural phenomena and a recognition of the limits of human reason unaided by observation of the world. Scientists today use both these methods of hypothesis testing. Accordingly, the distinguished Oxford University historian of science Alistair C. Crombie calls Grosseteste “the real founder of the
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