There is another crucial problem with the quantum cosmological models of Vilenkin and Hawking-Hartle. It is the problem I referred to at the end of the previous chapter. Their models not only presuppose a universe in the act of explaining its origin; they also smuggle information into the mathematical calculations they make as they seek to explain it. For this reason, if quantum cosmology provides a correct description of the world, it again inadvertently models the need for a transcendent intelligence.
