This chapter has evaluated which of the competing metaphysical hypotheses (theism, deism, pantheism, materialism, or panspermia) best explain the fine tuning of the universe. It has argued that theism and deism provide causally adequate explanations for this evidence whereas neither pantheism, materialism, or panspermia do. Similarly, neither pantheism, materialism, nor panspermia explain the evidence for the beginning of the universe as well as theism or deism do. Thus, given these two classes of evidence (i.e., the big bang and fine tuning), theism and deism remain as possibly the best
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