Return of the God Hypothesis: Breakthroughs in Physics, Cosmology, and Biology Seeking Evidence for the Existence of God

by Stephen C. Meyer

This passage is revealing because it shows that physicists themselves must arbitrarily restrict the infinite degrees of mathematical freedom inherent in the Wheeler-DeWitt equation in order to solve it. Vilenkin did so by choosing specific boundary conditions to restrict the values of superspace (creating what theorists call a “mini-superspace”). He also made arbitrary assumptions about the nature of the universes that could emerge out of the singularity. In particular, his mathematical apparatus presupposed that such universes would be homogeneous, isotropic, and closed.29 Only such restriction of possibilities allows physicists to solve the equation and thus to generate a (more or less unique) universal wave function ψ that includes universes like ours.