One of the important studies Dweck and her colleagues conducted took place in mathematics classes at Columbia University.10 The researchers found stereotyping to be alive and well: young women were being given the message that they did not belong in the discipline. They also found that the message hit home only with those who had a fixed mindset. When students with a fixed mindset heard the message that math was not for women, they dropped out. Those with a growth mindset, however, protected by the belief that anyone can learn anything, were able to reject the stereotypical messages and keep
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