While such theoretical discussions were going on, tensions around the world began to greatly increase. Fascism came to power in Italy, and then in Germany. This added to the global tension already in place because of the radical revolutionary Bolshevik state called the Soviet Union centered in the former Russia and the growing violence between the Japanese and Chinese. The Great Depression was also hitting across the globe. And the entity that was meant to ensure such pressures didn’t lead to another world war was failing dramatically.