That Howe was coming from Halifax, perhaps soon, no one doubted. Every report of approaching sails—a recent sighting proved to be a fogbank—sent more frightened New Yorkers fleeing in carts and coaches piled high with baggage. New York was considered the least disloyal of the thirteen colonies, and those well-affected to the Crown lay low and waited for their hour to come round. At noon on Tuesday, June 4, Tryon’s small squadron fired a protracted salute to honor the king’s birthday. Loyalist churches lighted candles that evening to pray for His Majesty’s good health and continued wisdom. For
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