At the University of Toronto, William Mustard developed a machine that used isolated rhesus monkey lungs to oxygenate the blood. At Wayne State University in Detroit, Forest Dodrill and engineers from General Motors built a heart pump that looked very much like the engine in a Cadillac. At the Mayo Clinic, John Kirklin and his colleagues constructed a heart-lung machine based on Gibbon’s design that used a vertical oxygenator and roller pumps
