March 1933, therefore, he publicly thanked God for the existence of the French Army and demanded a strengthening of British arms in the air and upon the seas.3 The following month he attacked the entire Nazi edifice—composed of “grim dictatorship,” the persecution of the Jews, and “appeals to every form of fighting spirit”—while calling on the Government to abandon the chimera of disarmament in favor of urgent repairs to Britain’s defenses.4
