First, we’d better confront that ‘paradox’. If indeed the properties of particles are indeterminate until one is measured, it does look as if there is instantaneous communication between them in an EPR experiment. The unobserved particle seems to ‘know’ at once which spin or polarization the measurement on the other particle has produced, and to then adopt the opposite orientation. Contrary to what Einstein thought, however, that is not really ‘action’, it is not ‘spooky’, and it doesn’t exactly involve ‘distance’. Neither does it violate special relativity. What relativity says is that events
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