Harald G.

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It turns out that there are two distinct classes of fundamental particle: those with spin quantum numbers that are integers (0, 1, 2 . . . ) and those with half-integer spin (1/2).*2 The former are called bosons, and they constitute all the ‘carrier’ particles of fundamental forces: gluons (carrying the strong nuclear force that binds together the constituents of atomic nuclei), so-called W and Z mesons (carrying the weak nuclear force involved in radioactive beta decay) and photons (carrying the electromagnetic force). You will probably have heard also of the Higgs boson, which is involved in ...more
Beyond Weird: Why Everything You Thought You Knew about Quantum Physics Is Different
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