Earl Brennan, the OSS director in Italy, reached out to Monsignor Giovanni Montini, the Vatican Undersecretary of State who would become Pope Paul VI, for help in locating opponents to the fascist regime in Sicily. Montini suggested that Brennan reach out to Calogero “Don Calo” Vizzini, the capo di tutti capi—“boss of all bosses”—of the Vizzini/Agostino crime family, who had been imprisoned by Mussolini