Thanks to Gladio, the CIA had controlled Turkish affairs for decades. Çatlı, as a disciple of Türkeş, was an extremely useful agent provocateur – an operative capable by expanding both the drug trade and the strategy of tension within Xinjiang and Central Asia. Throughout the 1990s, hundreds of Uyghurs were transported to Afghanistan by the CIA for training in guerrilla warfare by the mujahideen. When they returned to Xinjiang, they formed the East Turkistan Islamic Movement and came under Çatlı’s expert direction.21 Graham Fuller, CIA superspy, offered this explanation for radicalizing the
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