Many kinds of thought, from artistic to mathematical, and from simple to complex, are possible without language. “Genie” – a girl famous to linguists for having been raised until age 13 without language by her abusive parents – was able to learn a number of words, but never to speak properly with English grammar. But her ungrammatical narratives certainly showed that she had vivid memories of her horrible father (“Father hit big stick. Father angry. Father hit Genie big stick. Father take piece wood hit. Cry. Me cry.”) And she could tell far more intricate stories with pictures. In other
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