Luke Hudson

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Officers who stop a greater proportion of black drivers are less inclined to search them disproportionately compared to white drivers. On the other hand, officers who stop mostly white drivers (to the left of the line indicating the 1.0 equality line for stops) are more inclined to search those blacks whom they do stop. Note that many individual officers (those at the extreme left of the graph) rarely seem to encounter any black drivers. But on average when they do they are more likely to search them (some are five times as likely).
Suspect Citizens: What 20 Million Traffic Stops Tell Us About Policing and Race
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