Machine-learning algorithms, by contrast, have recently proved to be remarkably good at tackling problems where writing a list of instructions won’t work. They can recognize objects in pictures, understand words as we speak them and translate from one language to another – something rule-based algorithms have always struggled with. The downside is that if you let a machine figure out the solution for itself, the route it takes to get there often won’t make a lot of sense to a human observer.
