Why was the forward probability (of x given L) so much easier to assess mentally than the probability of L given x? In this example, the asymmetry comes from the fact that L acts as the cause and x is the effect. If we observe a cause—for example, Bobby throws a ball toward a window—most of us can predict the effect (the ball will probably break the window).
like surjective functions (many-to-one).
an output has many possible mappings to it, but each input maps to the same output.
