Imagine you go to the doctor complaining of unintentional weight loss and stomach aches, plus a bit of heartburn for good measure. In analogy with playing Jeopardy, the challenge is to find potential diagnoses (responses) that might explain the symptoms (clues), look for further evidence on each and update the confidence in a particular answer as more information becomes available. Doctors call this differential diagnosis. Mathematicians call it Bayesian inference.fn1
