The United States was taking other measures to stop money laundering through its real estate sector. The Treasury Department launched a pilot program in 2016 forcing all-cash buyers of luxury properties in Manhattan and Miami to disclose their identities to the U.S. government. The rules targeted properties bought by shell companies and worth more than $1 million in Miami and $3 million in Manhattan. Title insurance companies, which are involved in most real estate deals, were ordered to carry out the checks.