The relations of spatial adjacency tie the grains of space into webs. We call these ‘spin networks’. The name ‘spin’ comes from the mathematics which describe the grains of space.9 A ring in the spin network is called a loop, and these are the loops that give ‘loop theory’ its name. The webs, in turn, transform into each other in discrete leaps, described in the theory as structures called ‘spinfoam’.
Spin
spinfoam
