as an explanation of the crisis that was brewing in 2006, this political critique is wide of the mark. Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac set a high minimum standard for the quality of loans they would buy. The GSEs didn’t support the kind of low-quality, subprime loans that were beginning to fail in droves in 2005–2006. Those toxic loans were the products of a new system of mortgage finance driven by private lenders that came into full force in the early 2000s.