Such uniformity proves crucial to using the equations of general relativity to study the entire universe. To see why, think of a beautiful, uniform, smooth beach and imagine that I’ve asked you to describe its small-scale properties—the properties, that is, of each and every grain of sand. You’re stymied—the task is just too big. But if I ask you to describe only the overall features of the beach (such as the average weight of sand per cubic meter, the average reflectivity of the beach’s surface per square meter, and so on), the task becomes eminently doable. And what makes it doable is the
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