Psychologists, in the very nature of their work, are required to face the realities of the Christian soul—all dogmas, professions, and rituals aside—and to propose means of doing something about persons’ problems. But this is exactly what the spiritual overseer of past ages tried to do, and though it was not widely studied in the 1960s or 1970s, there is an ocean of literature that relates such work to the earlier recognized disciplines for the spiritual life.

