Yet a deeper understanding of entanglement and nonlocality is also crucial to resolving the perennial argument over how to “interpret” quantum mechanics—how to give a realistic account of what happens when a measurement is made and the wave function mysteriously and randomly “collapses.” This is the very problem that vexed Einstein, and it is one that still vexes a small and contentious community of physicists (like Sir Roger Penrose, Sheldon Goldstein, and Sean Carroll) and philosophers of physics (like David Z. Albert, Tim Maudlin, and David Wallace) who continue to demand from physics the
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