A well-known illusion is called the “flash-lag effect,” popularized by David Eagleman, a cognitive scientist at Stanford. There are various versions, but one I like is from Michael Bach, a vision researcher at the University of Freiburg. A blue line is rotating clockwise around an axis, like the second hand on a clock. As it circles, another blue line flashes at several points along the rotation. The lines actually line up evenly, and if you slow the rotation speed down to 1 rotation per minute you can see that. But at 10 rotations per minute, what you see is the flashing line lagging
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