it. As Harcombe had done, she showed how fatally flawed his Seven Countries Study was from the start, because he had cherry-picked the countries that were included. Good science, she said, requires randomisation – a way of selecting things randomly to avoid bias. In selecting countries for his study, Keys did not use randomisation. He deliberately avoided countries such as Switzerland, Germany and France, where he knew that people ate lots of saturated fat, yet had low rates of heart disease.

