For an event to be meaningful, the mind must sense that the charge of at least one value has undergone change. The reason is obvious: If the charge of a value at stake in a situation does not change, what happens is a trivial activity of no significance. But when a value’s charge changes from positive to negative or negative to positive (for instance, from love to hate or hate to love; from winning to losing or losing to winning), the event becomes meaningful and emotions flow.

