The Book of Why: The New Science of Cause and Effect

by Judea Pearl

Intervention ranks higher than association because it involves not just seeing but changing what is.

It is because of this robustness, I conjecture, that human intuition is organized around causal, not statistical, relations.

The main point is this: while probabilities encode our beliefs about a static world, causality tells us whether and how

“When you have eliminated the impossible, whatever remains, however improbable, must be the truth.”

The computer could not replicate the inferential process of a human expert because the experts themselves were not able to articulate their thinking process within the language provided by the system.