Amid the maelstrom that followed World War Two in Myanmar a Muslim insurgency developed in Rakhine State, focused predominantly in the north. Known as the Mujahids, many of its members had been trained by the British during the war to battle the Japanese and their erstwhile Rakhine collaborators. Fearful of the prospect that the British would soon leave Myanmar, and aware that nearby Muslim-majority regions like Chittagong in present-day Bangladesh would soon join East Pakistan, they too demanded the inclusion of northern Rakhine State in the newly formed Muslim nation. Some even called for an
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