The Dulles brothers’ plans to liberate the “captive peoples” of the Communist bloc—an Eisenhower campaign slogan in 1952—went awry when Communist secret police forces rolled up CIA-organized networks in, inter alia, Poland, Ukraine, Albania, China, and Tibet. That left the Dulles brothers to focus on lands where Communism had not yet taken root. Allen Dulles proclaimed, “Where there begins to be evidence that a country is slipping and communist takeover is threatened, we can’t wait for an engraved invitation to come and give aid.”
