The other important thing that the CYW ACE questionnaire did was go beyond the traditional criteria developed by Felitti and Anda and ask about additional risk factors for toxic stress. We don’t call them ACEs because they are not from the ACE Study and we don’t have the large body of population data to tell us odds of disease, but our experience in Bayview told us that our patients faced other adversities that repeatedly activated their stress-response systems.

