The Republic for Which It Stands: The United States during Reconstruction and the Gilded Age, 1865-1896 (Oxford History of the United States)

by Richard White

Grant, who had initially pushed demobilization, had changed his mind. He issued General Orders No. 3 in January 1866 to protect soldiers in the South from lawsuits, and had then allowed his commanders to use its rather vague and general provisions to protect freedpeople from the Black Codes.