the basic guidelines (Marquardt 1980; Snee 1973) for identifying whether significant multicollinearity exists are as follows: ● 1 ≤ VIFk ≤ 5 means no significant multicollinearity. ● 5 < VIFk ≤ 10 means that you should be concerned that some multicollinearity might exist. ● VIFk > 10 means significant multicollinearity.
