In the early 1900s, the print-media substrate for celebrity and fandom grew wildly: in two decades the number of daily papers doubled, and the combined circulation of magazines tripled. More of them featured more and more photographs of famous people, which starting in the 1920s could be instantly transmitted everywhere over electric wires. In the 1910s a newspaper started the first Hollywood gossip column, and they multiplied, becoming nationally syndicated in the 1920s, when the fan magazine Photoplay took off. The grand new photo-centric weekly Life, amazingly, put no Hollywood star on the
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