through networks to supply cells, where some is allocated to the repair and maintenance of existing cells, some to replace those that have died, and some to create new ones that add to the overall biomass. This sequence is the basic template for how all growth occurs whether for organisms, communities, cities, companies, or even economies. Roughly speaking, incoming metabolized energy and resources are apportioned between general maintenance and repair, including replacement of what’s already there and has decayed and the creation of new entities, whether cells, people, or infrastructure, that
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