But things have not worked out that way. According to the Bureau of Labor Statistics, managers represented approximately 12.3% of the US workforce in 1998, but by 2015 this figure had increased to 15.4%. And there’s strong evidence that a lot of other jobs have become substantially more management-like over time. In 2015, economist David Deming published an intriguing study that looked at the demand for different skills throughout the US economy between 1980 and 2012. As expected, demand for routine skills, both cognitive and physical, declined sharply over this period as the standard
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