All of a sudden, the Kommandant of our ghetto and another German appeared at the corner. My father didn’t have time to take off his hat. I myself didn’t have a hat on. The German came up to my father and asked him: ‘Why didn’t you take your hat off?’ In the meantime, my father had taken off his hat and tried to explain to the man, ‘I didn’t see you coming.’ The German answered him, ‘I’m going to teach you how to see.’ He took out his pistol and shot my father on the spot, merely because he hadn’t taken off his hat. The German laughed. He said to me, ‘Now you’ll know Die Mütze muss man
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