As they approached the valley, the Jews went through a barricade, manned by the Germans, which prevented them from crossing back, like a fish trap. Then they had to leave their baggage, their jewels, their clothing. Every Jew—man, woman, child—was murdered by a person armed with a gun. More than thirty thousand victims saw their killers, while each killer looked into the eyes of each of his Jewish victims. In broad daylight. Thirty thousand personal crimes.