elite submodel of the Political Stress Indicator, elite mobilization potential (EMP). As explained in Chapter 2 (Quantifying Social Pressures for Instability), EMP has two components: ε-1 (which measures the intensity of competition in the economic domain) and e/s (which reflects competition in the political domain—for a limited supply of public offices). Thus, high ε corresponds to low ε-1 and a low level of competition for economic resources among the elites. Conversely; low ε/high ε-1 indicates a high level of intraelite competition in the economic domain.
