The Qur’an promotes questioning and thinking deeply about things: “Thus do We explain in detail the signs for who give thought.”[110] “Indeed in that is a sign for a people who give thought.”[111] “Or were they created by nothing? Or were they the creators [of themselves]? Or did they create the heavens and the Earth? Rather, they are not certain.”[112] Islamic epistemology views rational arguments as means and not ends.
