Underlying so many aspects of the policies discussed in these two books is the fallacy of uniformly measurable performance. Human life involves many incommensurable forms of value. A parent’s love of a child is not the same kind of thing as a painter’s attempt to capture shape and colour or a scholar’s interpretation of complex sources or a soldier’s act of bravery and so on. The logic of punitive quantification is to reduce all these activities to a common managerial metric. Every other human agent has to justify their activities in the terms used by the businessman (or, to be more exact, an
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