Operation Harvest Festival in the fall of 1943, when Himmler ordered the liquidation of nearly all the remaining Polish work camps and ghettos in reprisal for these acts of Jewish resistance and as a sure method of preventing more of them. The shooting on November 3–4, 1943, of 42,000 Jews in the Lublin district, most of them at Majdanek and nearby Poniatowa, constitutes the largest single massacre of the Holocaust. At
