The combination of breathing, meditation and cold training changes the normal stress response to cold and to hypo- and hyperventilation. The normal stress response comprises the immediate release of adrenaline, followed by the production of stress hormones from the pituitary gland in the brain. These stress hormones trigger the production of cortisol by the adrenal glands. Cortisol has a strong impact on our bodies and also controls many functions, including the stimulation of NF-kB activity. However, Hof and his trained group clearly respond to stress differently. This different response is
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