So what does the prefrontal cortex do? People who have suffered lesions to the prefrontal cortex can seem entirely normal at first encounter Their motor skills are largely intact; they can understand speech and talk normally; yet depending on the precise location and extent of the lesion, they have distinct deficits in higher-order cognitive functions. These include alterations in short-term memory, personality, attention, decision making, and inhibiting socially inappropriate behaviors. While people with prefrontal lesions can follow instructions and perform many tasks normally, they struggle
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