Analysis of the result by Geoffrey Evans, a fellow in politics and sociology at Nuffield College, Oxford and co-director of the British Election Study, suggests that the roots of the Brexit victory can be found in the alienation of working-class voters from general elections since the 1990s.5 Their turnout levels, which had previously been similar to those of middle- or upper-class citizens, had plummeted: in 2015, Evans says, turnout among degree-level middle-class voters was 83%; that among lowly educated working-class voters was 48%.
