General relativity taught us that space is something dynamic, like the electromagnetic field: an immense, mobile mollusk in which we are immersed, which stretches and bends. Quantum mechanics teaches us that every field of this sort is “made of quanta,” has a fine, granular structure. It follows that physical space, being a field, is “made of quanta” as well. The same granular structure characterizing the other quantum fields also characterizes the quantum gravitational field, and therefore space. We expect space to be granular. We expect “quanta of gravity,” just as there are quanta of light,
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