SPS Kohli’s Kindle Notes & Highlights for Docker Deep Dive: Zero to Docker in a single book

The core Windows kernel technologies required to implement containers are collectively referred to as Windows Containers. The user-space tooling to work with these Windows Containers can be Docker.

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It’s vital to understand that a running container shares the kernel of the host machine it is running on.

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This means that a containerized Windows app will not run on a Linux-based Docker host, and vice-versa — Windows containers require a Windows host, and Linux containers require a Linux host.

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It is possible to run Linux containers on Windows machines. For example, Docker Desktop running on Windows has two modes — “Windows containers” and “Linux containers”. Depending on your version of Docker Desktop, Linux container run either inside a lig...

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The WSL option is newer and the strategic option for the future as it doesn’t require a Hyper-V VM and offers bett...

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This works by seamlessly running your containers inside of a lightweight Linux VM on your Mac.

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That’s just a fancy way of saying Kubernetes is the most popular tool for deploying and managing containerized apps.

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Note: A containerized app is an application running as a container.

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At the time of writing, Kubernetes uses Docker as its default container runtime — the low-level technology that pulls images and starts and stops containers. However, Kubernetes has a pluggable container runtime interface (CRI) that make...

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technologies and solutions that make it easier to get the code on your laptop running in the cloud.

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The runtime operates at the lowest level and is responsible for starting and stopping containers

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The low-level runtime is called runc and is the reference implementation of Open Containers Initiative (OCI) runtime-spec. Its job is to interface with the underlying OS and start and stop containers. Every running container on a Docker node has a runc instance managing it.

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The higher-level runtime is called containerd. containerd does a lot more than runc.

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It manages the entire lifecycle of a container, including pulling images, creating network interfaces, and mana...

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A typical Docker installation has a single containerd process (docker-containerd) controlling the runc (docker-runc) instances associated with each running container.

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The Docker daemon (dockerd) sits above containerd and performs higher-level tasks such as; exposing the Docker remote API, managing images, managing volumes, managing networks, and more…

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A major job of the Docker daemon is to provide an easy-to-use standard interface that a...

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Docker also has native support for managing clusters of nodes running Docker. These clusters are called swarms and the native technology is called Docker Swarm. Docker Swarm is easy-to-use and many companies are using it in real-world production. However,...

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The OCI is a governance council responsible for standardizing the low-level fundamental components of container infrastructure. In particular it focusses on image format and container runtime

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And as with all accounts of history, the version you get depends on who’s doing the talking.

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While competition is usually a good thing, competing standards is usually not.

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They cause confusion and slowdown user adoption.

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As of Docker 1.11, the Docker Engine architecture conforms to the OCI runtime spec.

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is currently the most popular container runtime used by Kubernetes.

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Once the installation is complete, you have a single-engine Docker environment that is great for development purposes.

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It includes Docker Compose and you can choose to enable a single-node Kubernetes cluster.

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stability first, features second

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Docker Desktop on Windows 10 can run native Windows containers as well as Linux containers.

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Docker Desktop on Mac can only run Linux containers.

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The installer can enable the Hyper-V and Containers features, but it’s your responsibility to enable hardware virtualization in your BIOS

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Notice the output is showing OS/Arch: linux/amd64 for the Server component.

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This is because a default installation assumes you’ll be working with Linux containers.

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It does this by running the Docker daemon inside of a lightw...

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V...

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Windows containers....

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.\dockercli -SwitchDaemon

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Be aware that any existing Linux containers will keep running in the background, but you won’t be able to see or manage them until you switch back to Linux containers mode.

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You can now run and manage Windows containers (containers running Windows applications).

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Docker Desktop for Mac

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a packaged product from Docker, Inc with a simple installer that gets you a single-engine installation of Docker that’s ideal for local development needs.