As computers became more powerful, my approximations were removed step by step. Twenty years later, around 1980, computers had finally become powerful enough to show that the final figure for one deck using the blackjack rules as given in the book I would go on to write, Beat the Dealer, was +0.13 percent in favor of the player. Players using my strategy had had, all along, a small edge over the casino even without keeping track of the cards.

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Eric Franklin